Mechanisms of Closed-loop SCS:

5 Years of Patient Data

Join Drs. Eric J. Grigsby, John Parker, and Lawrence Poree for a conversation on closed-loop spinal cord stimulation (SCS).

What are evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs)?
How are they used to create a closed-loop neuromodulation system?
What can continuous monitoring the neural responses tell us about the presence and influence of pharmacological agents?

This nonaccredited educational webinar is provided for information only.

Brooker, C., Russo, M., Cousins, M. J., Taylor, N., Holford, L., Martin, R., ... & Parker, J. (2021). ECAP‐Controlled Closed‐Loop Spinal Cord Stimulation Efficacy and Opioid Reduction Over 24‐Months: Final Results of the Prospective, Multicenter, Open‐Label Avalon Study. Pain Practice.
Heijmans, L., & Joosten, E. A. (2020). Mechanisms and mode of action of spinal cord stimulation in chronic neuropathic pain. Postgraduate medicine, 132(sup3), 17-21.
Parker, J., Karantonis, D., & Single, P. (2020). Hypothesis for the mechanism of action of ECAP-controlled closed-loop systems for spinal cord stimulation. Healthcare Technology Letters, 7(3), 76-80.